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Hotspots, not trouble spots: Africa seeks tourism boom
CAPE TOWN, Sept 19, 2018 (BSS/AFP) – Africa draws just five percent of the
world’s tourists despite boasting attractions ranging from the Pyramids and
Victoria Falls to wildlife safaris and endless strips of pristine beach.
But the continent’s huge potential can be unlocked by eco tourism, cultural
experiences, domestic travel and political stability, said experts at an
African tourism conference hosted by Airbnb in Cape Town last week.
“When you look at the success stories, it’s those countries who’ve embraced
trends,” said the African Tourism Association’s (ATA) managing director
Naledi Khabo who spoke at the summit.
“When you look at some countries which have made sustainability a focal
point, like Tanzania, or Rwanda, they’re very attractive for certain
travellers.”
Eco-friendly safaris and carbon-neutral lodging draw increasing numbers of
tourists from Europe and North America.
The number of tourists visiting Tanzania has more than doubled since 2006
to above one million contributing 14 percent of the country’s gross domestic
product (GDP), according to Tanzania Invest.
Khabo, who speaks for the African tourism sector, said other success
stories included South Africa, “which is promoting the diversification of
their products beyond the safari”.
South Africa has witnessed a boom of experience-based tours, taking
travellers to disadvantaged township and rural communities as well as wine
farms and game lodges.
Abigail Mbalo founded the 4RoomEkasi concept to showcase food and
lifestyles in South Africa’s black communities to visitors
“We tapped into the development of tourism in rural and township spaces,”
she said. “We are now starting to see cultural inclusivity. Those areas have
been untapped.”
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– ‘A safe place to travel’? –
Tourism is a major employer of poor black South Africans and accounts for
nearly 700,000 jobs — a rare success story in a country with an unemployment
rate of almost 27 percent.
The World Bank, which spoke at the tourism summit, praised the emerging
trend for community-based travel projects like Mbalo’s for creating
opportunities for women and young people.
“Every new business, destination, route or visitor creates opportunity for
local people,” said the World Bank in a statement.
While many African destinations have courted foreign visitors’ hard
currency, Kenya has invested heavily in promoting “staycations”.
The country moved to promote domestic travel after dips in foreign arrivals
following violent unrest and criminal attacks in recent years.
“We have managed to develop the domestic market. Twenty-one percent of
Airbnb occupancy is domestic market. It’s benefiting us,” said Kenya’s
Tourism Minister Najib Balala at the conference.
Tourism, now the second largest driver of Kenya’s GDP growth, was worth
$1.2 billion in 2017.
But many countries on the continent have struggled to woo foreign visitors
fearful of political instability and violence.
“The biggest challenge is perception,” said Khabo. “Sometimes there is a
real threat and sometimes it’s just perceived.”
– Rwanda’s transformation –
Rwanda is one country that has successfully transformed its global image.
The small east African nation was torn apart by a genocide in 1994 but has
since established itself as a high-end destination.
“Tourism is the number one foreign exchange earner, which is amazing to see
in a country like Rwanda,” said Rosette Rugamba who was appointed by
President Paul Kagame as head of Rwanda Tourism from 2003 to 2010.
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“It is a huge contributor to the image-building of our country.”
Zimbabwe, which is home to some of Africa’s best game and Victoria Falls,
has enjoyed a boost in visitor numbers since long-serving despot Robert
Mugabe resigned in November.
While the number of foreign visitors to Victoria Falls jumped nearly 50
percent in the first quarter of this year, the country still operates far
below its tourist potential.
“The onus is on African governments and tourism boards to be more proactive
in addressing perceptions,” added Khabo.
One African country that has seen its tourism industry squeezed is Egypt,
once a magnet for travellers that has since the 2011 revolt seen visitor
numbers plummet, despite the huge draw of the Pyramids and the Red Sea.
Another is the Democratic Republic of Congo, which for years has been riven
with often deadly political and ethnic unrest.
“There’s an enormous amount the DRC has to offer” including gorillas,
pristine national parks, and smouldering volcanoes, said tourism author Anita
Mendiratta, who spoke at the conference.
“That’s limited now because of the safety and security.”
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