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SAUDI-ISLAM-HAJJ,FACTS
Rituals of the hajj
MECCA, Saudi Arabia, Aug 17, 2018 (BSS/AFP) – Muslims from across the
world gathering in Mecca in Saudi Arabia for the annual hajj pilgrimage will
take part in the following rituals:
– First phase –
– Ihram: For the Muslim faithful, hajj begins with the donning of a special
outfit, which for men is a two-piece white seamless garment. Women wear loose
dress, generally white, with only the face and hands exposed. During this
period, pilgrims must abstain from sex and quarrelling, not use perfume and
not cut their hair or nails.
– Tawaf: Once in Mecca, pilgrims perform Tawaf, or circumambulation, seven
times counter-clockwise, around the Kaaba, a black masonry cube in the centre
of the Grand Mosque.
– Sa’i: Pilgrims then walk seven times between two stone spots at the
mosque, emulating a search for water by Ibrahim’s wife Hajar in a ritual
known as Sa’i. According to religious texts, Hajar was seeking water for her
infant son Ishmael in the hot desert when she found water in the Zamzam well
on her seventh try.
These rituals are considered the umra, or lesser pilgrimage, and come ahead
of the hajj’s main rites when pilgrims head to Mina, around five kilometres
(three miles) east of the Grand Mosque.
– Mount Arafat –
The next day, pilgrims gather on the hill known as Jabal al-Rahma (Mount of
Mercy) and the surrounding Mount Arafat plain, 10 kilometres southeast of
Mina, where they remain until evening for prayer and to read the Koran.
The prophet Mohammed delivered his final sermon from Mount Arafat to
Muslims who had accompanied him on his final hajj, according to Islam.
– Stoning the ‘devil’ –
After sunset, pilgrims leave for Muzdalifah, half-way between Arafat and
Mina, where they stay at least until midnight.
They gather pebbles to perform the symbolic “stoning of the devil” on the
eve of the Eid al-Adha feast, which marks the end of hajj.
At the start of Eid al-Adha, pilgrims return to Mina for the first of three
daily stoning rites.
Traditionally, seven pebbles are thrown at a post representing the devil,
emulating the actions of Abraham.
Since 2004, the post has been replaced by walls to accommodate the rising
numbers of pilgrims. In 2015, a stampede at the site left 2,300 people dead.
After the first stoning, sheep are slaughtered and the meat distributed to
needy Muslims, symbolising Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice his son Ishmael
on the order of God, who provided a lamb in the boy’s place at the last
moment.
Men then shave their heads or trim their hair while women cut a fingertip-
length off their locks. After that they can end their ihram and change back
into normal clothing.
Pilgrims return to the Grand Mosque in Mecca, circumambulating seven times
around the Kaaba, and again performing Sa’i.
They then return to Mina to continue the stoning ritual for two or three
more days.
Finally, they return to the Grand Mosque, circumambulating the Kaaba seven
times.
BSS/AFP/MRI/0906 hrs