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Despite Trump rebuke, US Fed to continue steady course
WASHINGTON, July 29, 2018 (BSS/AFP) – Despite booming second quarter growth
in the US economy, the Federal Reserve will hold its fire and leave lending
rates untouched this week as it awaits more signs of inflation.
But the central bank, which kicks off its two-day policy meeting on
Tuesday, is still widely expected to hike interest rates twice more this
year, as inflation mounts, the jobless rate falls and the economy continues
to soar.
This plan of action has not gone over well at the White House, however.
President Donald Trump earlier this month publicly chastised the Fed for
raising interest rates he says counteracts the economic benefits of tax cuts.
That political interference is casting a shadow over the meeting.
After boosting the benchmark lending rate in March and June, the US economy
has continued humming, with inflation at last hitting the Fed’s two percent
target rate.
Most economists say the central bank has every reason to stick to its
current course of gradual increases, which has seen the federal funds rate
rise seven times since December 2015.
Futures markets overwhelmingly expect rate hikes in September and December,
with the probability only increasing after Friday’s blockbuster report that
GDP grew 4.1 percent in the second quarter, the fastest pace in four years.
“At least right now, the economy still looks pretty strong, more than
strong enough to keep the unemployment rate coming down,” Jim O’Sullivan of
High Frequency Economics told AFP.
While most economists expect growth to slow in the rest of the year,
O’Sullivan said “Momentum looks up and chances are momentum will only
continue to look up if the unemployment rate continues to fall.”
Still, Trump told CNBC he was “not thrilled” about the Fed’s plans to
continue tightening and took to Twitter to say America should be allowed to
recoup the losses before rates rise again.
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“Every time you go up, they want to raise rates again,” he told the
network. “I am not happy about it. But at the same time, I’m letting them do
what they feel is best.”
Cue the sound of breaking glass, with some observers accusing the president
of brazenly trespassing on the Fed’s independence.
Economists solemnly warn that politicizing monetary policy invariably leads
to misfortune. And the Federal Reserve is legally and fiscally separate from
the federal government.
But Sarah Binder, a Brookings Institution expert on the politics of the
Federal Reserve, said despite its legal status, the Fed sat at the center of
the political system.
– But is it a norm? –
“Although we call it a norm, this expectation that the president is going
to refrain and restrain himself from commenting on the Fed’s policies, it’s
really just a short-lived practice,” she told AFP.
“In that sense, Trump is just joining the political fray.”
President Lyndon Johnson summoned Fed Chairman William McChesney Martin to
his ranch after the Fed boosted rates in 1965.
Nixon bullied Martin’s successor, Arthur Burns, into holding rates low in
the 1970s, ushering in the decade’s disastrous inflation.
More than 20 years later, President George HW Bush publicly called on Fed
Chairman Alan Greenspan to cut interest rates — and later blamed Greenspan
for his defeat in the 1992 elections.
It was only under President Bill Clinton that the Fed’s deliberations took
on an air of inviolability.
“I don’t think we know enough historically about what difference
presidential jaw-boning has done,” Binder said.
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The Fed has not reacted to Trump’s comments, pointing reporters instead to
earlier remarks by current Chairman Jerome Powell, who said central bankers
kept political independence “deep in our DNA.”
And analysts warned that openly challenging the Fed’s independence could
backfire.
Former Fed vice chair Alan Blinder told AFP he would have defied such
interference.
“My attitude would have been, and I believe the attitude of most members of
the Federal Open Market Committee would have been, to stiffen our backs and
show that we’re not taking instructions from the White House.”
And Blinder said Trump’s interference could create static in the Fed’s
efforts to signal its intentions to markets — which prevents undue turmoil
when a new move is announced.
If the Fed is seen as yielding to Trump’s pressure or overreacting by
tightening policy more, markets could begin to second-guess their motives.
“We don’t want either,” Blinder said. “It is foolish for the president of
the United States to make their job harder.”
Evolving economic circumstances could prove especially challenging for the
Fed with trade disputes creating uncertainty and raising prices, the housing
market weakening, and consumer confidence cooling.
Add to this rising oil prices and sluggish wage growth, and central bankers
could be left with hard choices.
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