PARIS, Jan 13, 2020 (BSS/AFP) – French President Emmanuel Macron will on
Monday host counterparts from five Sahel countries seeking more backing in
the fight against a murderous jihadist uprising even as France’s military
role is being questioned.
Recent tensions between France and Sahel governments could make for a
tricky exchange at the six-way talks in the southwestern city of Pau, to be
attended also by the heads of the UN, African Union, and EU Council.
Macron insists his counterparts from Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Mauritania
and Chad must use the occasion to express public support for France’s
military presence — by far the largest foreign contribution to the fight
against African jihadists aligned to Al Qaeda and the Islamic State group.
Visiting the region last month, the French president complained of a lack
of “clear political condemnation of anti-French feelings” on the ground.
“I see opposition movements, groups, who denounce the French presence as a
neo-colonial, imperialist,” Macron said in Niamey, adding he was loath to
send soldiers to countries were their presence was not “clearly wanted”.
Jihadist fighters have recently stepped up their campaign against military
and civilian targets, and earlier this month, UN chief Antonio Guterres
warned that “terrorist groups are gaining ground.” France has 4,500 soldiers
stationed in the Europe-sized region as part of Operation Barkhane,
supporting poorly-equipped, impoverished local armies that in 2017 launched a
joint anti-jihadist G5 Sahel force.
– ‘Down with France’ –
On Friday, hundreds of people gathered in the Malian capital Bamako to
protest the presence of foreign troops, carrying posters reading: “Down with
France, Barkhane must leave” and “France is a brake on our development.”
Despite the French presence and a 13,000-strong UN peacekeeping force
dubbed MINUSMA in Mali, the conflict that erupted in the north of that
country in 2012 has since spread to its neighbours, especially Burkina Faso
and Niger.
Thousands of civilians have been killed and more than a million displaced,
with hundreds of troops dead, including dozens of French ones.
On Monday, Macron will gather Mali’s Ibrahim Boubacar Keita, Burkina Faso’s
Roch Marc Christian Kabore, Niger’s Mahamadou Issoufou, Mauritania’s Mohamed
Ould Ghazouani and Chad’s Idriss Deby.
They will lay a wreath and observe a minute of silence for seven soldiers
from Pau who died in action in Mali — among 13 French troops killed in a
helicopter crash while hunting jihadists last November.
The presidents will then gather for the summit Macron has said must clarify
the “political and strategic framework” of the Sahel military campaign.
After the talks, for which three hours have been set aside, the leaders
will regroup for a working dinner where they will be joined by Guterres,
European Council President Charles Michel and African Union Commission
President Moussa Faki.
– ‘Remobilise’ –
Mali’s Keita has said the summit will be “decisive” and “will allow us to
put on the table all the questions, all the grievances, all the solutions”.
But he insisted the G5 leaders would demand a “respectable and respectful
relationship” with France. Kabore of Burkina Faso has described Macron’s
recent insistences as “lacking in tact”.
Issifou said the summit would “launch an appeal for international
solidarity so that the Sahel and France are not alone in this fight”.
The Pau meeting was postponed from December after a jihadist attack claimed
the lives of 71 Niger soldiers. And last Thursday another attack by jihadists
left 89 Niger soldiers dead.
On Friday, French Foreign Minister Jean-Yves Le Drian said the summit would
serve “to remobilise and adapt ourselves to the new reality” of the jihadist
onslaught, which analysts say appears to have become bolder, more complex,
and better armed.
Paris will also use the occasion to repeat its call on other Western
nations to help step up the fight.
Last year, only $300 of $400 million pledged by the international community
in cash and material support to the Sahel was delivered, according to the
French presidency.
NGOs on Friday urged that civilians caught in the crossfire not be
forgotten at Monday’s talks.
“The military response in the Sahel is part of the problem,” said Maureen
Magee of the Norwegian Refugee Council.
“Last year, military operations in Mali have pushed more than 80,000 people
to flee. Engagement in the Sahel must put the protection of the populations
at the heart of the response.”