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2010s hottest decade in history, UN says as emissions rise again
MADRID, Dec 3, 2019 (BSS/AFP) – This decade is set to be the hottest in
history, the United Nations said Tuesday in an annual assessment outlining
the ways in which climate change is outpacing humanity’s ability to adapt to
it.
The World Meterological Organization said global temperatures so far this
year were 1.1 degrees Celsius (two degrees Farenheit) above the pre-
industrial average, putting 2019 on course to be in the top three warmest
years ever recorded.
Manmade emissions from burning fossil fuels, building infrastructure,
growing crops and transporting goods mean 2019 is set to break the record for
atmospheric carbon concentrations, locking in further warming, the WMO said.
Oceans, which absorb 90 percent of the excess heat produced by greenhouse
gases, are now at their highest recorded temperatures.
The world’s seas are now a quarter more acidic than 150 years ago,
threatening vital marine ecosystems upon which billions of people rely for
food and jobs.
In October, the global mean sea level reached its highest on record,
fuelled by the 329 billion tonnes of ice lost from the Greenland ice sheet in
12 months.
– Up to 22 million displaced –
Each of the last four decades has been hotter than the last.
And far from climate change being a phenomenon for future generations to
confront, the effects of humanity’s insatiable, growth-at-any cost
consumption means millions are already counting the damage.
The report said more than 10 million people were internally displaced in
the first half of 2019 — seven million directly due to extreme weather
events such as storms, flooding and drought.
By the end of the year, the WMO said new displacements due to weather
extremes could reach 22 million. “Once again in 2019 weather and climate
related risks hit hard,” said WMO Secretary-General Petteri Taalas.
“Heatwaves and floods which used to be ‘once in a century’ events are
becoming more regular occurences.”
MORE/SSS/1519 hrs
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At just 1C hotter than pre-industrial times, 2019 has already seen deadly
heatwaves in Europe, Australia and Japan, superstorms devastate southeast
Africa, and wildfires rage out of control in Australia and California.
– ‘Not adapting’ –
Nations are currently in crucial talks in Madrid aimed at finalising rules
for the 2015 Paris climate accord, which enjoins countries to work to limit
global temperature rises to “well below” 2C.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) last year outlined
how vital it was for mankind to aim for a safer cap of 1.5C — ideally by
slashing greenhouse gas emissions and retooling the global economy towards
renewable energy.
The UN said last week in its annual “emissions gap” assessment that the
world needed to cut carbon emissions by 7.6 percent each year, every year,
until 2030 to hit 1.5C.
Instead, emissions are rising.
And while governments spend hundreds of billions of dollars subsidising
fossil fuels, there appears to be no consensus in Madrid over how countries
already dealing with climate-related catastrophe can fund efforts to adapt to
the new reality.
“Our economic activities continue to use the atmosphere as a waste dump
for greenhouse gases,” said Joeri Rogelj, Grantham Lecturer in Climate Change
at Imperial College London.
“The increasing temperatures, the warming oceans, ocean acidification and
other indicators are the logical consequence of this inaction and this should
worry us deeply.”
Even if all Paris pledges were honoured, Earth is still on course to be
more than 3C warmer by the end of the century.
Part of the discussions in Madrid is aimed at getting countries to
increase their climate action ambition ahead of a deadline next year.
Friederike Otto, deputy director of the University of Oxford’s
Environmental Change Institute, said the WMO report “highlights that we are
not even adapted to 1.1 degree of warming.”
“And there is no doubt that this 1.1 degree is due to the burning of
fossil fuels,” he said.
BSS/AFP/SSS/1520 hrs