NEW YORK, March 18, 2019 (BSS/AFP) – The US agency that regulates civil
aviation said Sunday it followed “standard” procedures in certifying the
Boeing jetliner whose anti-stall systems have come under scrutiny after
disastrous crashes in Ethiopia and Indonesia.
“The 737 MAX certification program followed the FAA’s standard
certification process,” the Federal Aviation Administration said in an email
to AFP.
It said its procedures were “well established and have consistently
produced safe aircraft designs.”
But reported similarities between the March 10 crash of an Ethiopian
Airlines 737 Max 8, killing all 157 on board, and the Lion Air crash in
October of the same plane in Indonesia, leaving 189 dead, have raised doubts
about the aircraft.
The 737 MAX is a relatively new aircraft, having entered service only in
May 2017 as Boeing’s answer to Airbus’s medium-haul A320 Neo.
Ethiopian Transport Minister Dagmawit Moges said Sunday that a study of the
flight data recorder retrieved from the Ethiopian plane had shown “clear
similarities” to that of the Lion Air flight in Indonesia.
She said the parallels would be the “subject of further study.”
– Pilots had complained – As investigators continue their work, preliminary
findings in the Lion crash have focused on a possible malfunction of an anti-
stall system known as the MCAS (Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation
System).
Boeing developed that system, because of the unusually forward placement of
the plane’s engines, to avoid a stall.
Experts have questioned the FAA’s certification process after learning that
American pilots had lodged serious complaints about the system.
According to a Seattle Times report Sunday, the FAA had delegated part of
the certification process for the plane — including the MCAS — to Boeing
engineers. Boeing airliners are built near Seattle.
The original safety analysis provided to the FAA by Boeing contained
“several crucial flaws,” the newspaper said, adding that the process was
carried out hastily as Boeing struggled to catch up with Airbus’s more
advanced work on the A320 Neo.
The report was dated 11 days before the Ethiopian Airlines accident, the
newspaper reported.
– ‘All requirements… met’ –
The FAA refused on Sunday to comment on the newspaper report, noting the
various investigations still under way.
In the face of budget cuts, the FAA since 2009 has delegated some
certification work to aircraft manufacturers or to outside experts, a
procedure known as ODA (Organization Designation Authorization).
On Sunday, the agency defended its practice, insisting that the 737 MAX had
to pass multiple tests and reviews before being authorized to fly.
It said the aircraft’s design was minutely examined, ground and flight
tests were conducted, and other civil aviation authorities were consulted to
ensure the “airplane complies with FAA standards.”
A statement provided by Boeing to The Seattle Times said that “the FAA
considered the final configuration and operating parameters of MCAS during
MAX certification, and concluded that it met all certification and regulatory
requirements.”
It said, without elaborating, that there had been “some significant
mischaracterizations” of the certification process.
Peter DeFazio, chairman of the House of Representatives’ transportation and
infrastructure committee, is planning to launch an investigation into the 737
MAX’s certification, congressional sources said.
Michel Merluzeau, an analyst at AirInsight, urged a cautious process.
“There may be a need to re-examine what works and what does not work (in
the certification process) — but it should not be done emotionally,”
Merluzeau said.
Another analyst, Richard Aboulafia of Teal Group, said the FAA’s
credibility is at stake — “as is Boeing’s. And, the global system of
aircraft certification reciprocity is at risk too,” he said.