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US-SPACE-MARS-ROVER WRAP
Mission complete: NASA announces demise of Opportunity rover
WASHINGTON, Feb 14, 2019 (BSS/AFP) – During 14 years of intrepid
exploration across Mars, it advanced human knowledge by confirming that water
once flowed on the red planet — but NASA’s Opportunity rover has analyzed
its last soil sample.
The robot has been missing since the US space agency lost contact during a
dust storm in June last year and was declared officially dead Wednesday,
ending one of the most fruitful missions in the history of space exploration.
Unable to recharge its batteries, Opportunity left hundreds of messages
from Earth unanswered over the months, and NASA said it made its last attempt
at contact Tuesday evening.
“I declare the Opportunity mission as complete,” Thomas Zurbuchen,
associate administrator of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate told a news
conference at mission headquarters in Pasadena, California.
The community of researchers and engineers involved in the program were in
mourning over the passing of the rover, known affectionately as Oppy.
“It is a hard day,” said John Callas, manager of the Mars Exploration
Rover project.
“Even though it is a machine and we’re saying goodbye, it’s very hard and
it’s very poignant.”
“Don’t be sad it’s over, be proud it taught us so much,” former president
Barack Obama tweeted later on Thursday.
“Congrats to all the men and women of @NASA on a @MarsRovers mission that
beat all expectations, inspired a new generation of Americans, and demands we
keep investing in science that pushes the boundaries of human knowledge.”
The nostalgia extended across the generations of scientists who have
handled the plucky little adventurer.
“Godspeed, Opportunity,” tweeted Keri Bean, who had the “privilege” of
sending the final message to the robot.
“Hail to the Queen of Mars,” added Mike Seibert, Opportunity’s former
flight director and rover driver in another tweet, while Frank Hartman, who
piloted Oppy, told AFP he felt “greatly honored to have been a small part of
it.”
“Engulfed by a giant planet-encircling dust storm: Is there a more fitting
end for a mission as perfect and courageous from start to finish as
Opportunity?” he said.
The program has had an extraordinary record of success: 28.1 miles (45.2
kilometers) traversed, more than the Soviet Union’s Lunokhod 2 moon rover
during the 1970s and more than the rover that US astronauts took to the moon
on the Apollo 17 mission in 1972. “It is because of trailblazing missions
such as Opportunity that there will come a day when our brave astronauts walk
on the surface of Mars,” NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine said in a
statement.
Opportunity sent back 217,594 images from Mars, all of which were made
available on the internet.
– Human-like perspective –
“For the public, the big change was that Mars became a dynamic place, and
it was a place that you could explore every day,” Emily Lakdawalla, an expert
on space exploration and senior editor at The Planetary Society.
“The fact that this rover was so mobile, it seemed like an animate
creature,” she said. “Plus it has this perspective on the Martian surface
that’s very human-like.”
“It really felt like an avatar for humanity traveling across the surface,”
she added.
Opportunity landed on an immense plain and spent half its life there,
traversing flat expanses and once getting stuck in a sand dune for several
weeks. It was there, using geological instruments, that it confirmed that
liquid water was once present on Mars.
During the second part of its life on Mars, Opportunity climbed to the
edge of the crater Endeavour, taking spectacular panoramic images — and
discovering veins of gypsum, additional proof that water once flowed among
the Martian rocks.
Opportunity’s twin, Spirit, landed three weeks ahead of it, and was active
until it expired in 2010. The two far exceeded the goals of their creators:
In theory, their missions were supposed to last 90 days.
Today, only a single rover is still active on Mars, Curiosity, which
arrived in 2012. It is powered not by the sun, but by a small nuclear
reactor.
In 2021, the recently named Rosalind Franklin robot, part of the European-
Russian ExoMars mission, is slated to land on a different part of the planet,
raising the population of active rovers to two.
BSS/AFP/FI/1018 hrs