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Philippines seeks peace with Muslim self-rule vote
COTABATO, Philippines, Jan 21, 2019 (BSS/AFP) – A decades-long push to
halt the violence that has claimed some 150,000 lives in the southern
Philippines culminated Monday with a vote on giving the nation’s Muslim
minority greater control over the region.
The poll is the final step in a peace deal with the Catholic-majority
country’s largest Muslim rebel group, the Moro Islamic Liberation Front
(MILF), which has been a key force in a separatist insurgency that has raged
since the 1970s.
Turnout was heavy in core areas of the proposed Bangasmoro region, located
primarily on the southern island of Mindanao, and voters are expected to back
it overwhelmingly in most areas.
“I’m tired of the violence because my father is one of the victims,” said
22-year-old Jembrah Abas, adding he was slain by unidentified attackers after
advocating for peace.
The election “is on the 20th anniversary of his death. I am so sick of the
violence”, she told AFP.
Roughly 2.8 million voters were being watched over by a contingent of
20,000 police and soldiers, due to fears rival insurgent groups could use
violence to try to disrupt the poll.
The peace process began in the 1990s and does not include hardline
Islamist factions, including those aligned with the Islamic State group,
which are also active in the southern Philippines.
In a frightening close call just as polls opened early Monday, a grenade
was lobbed into a voting centre entrance in the regional hub of Cotabato
City, but failed to detonate.
“I was afraid, I was thinking about backing out (of voting),” said a
tearful Leticia Mangharal, who was metres away from the explosive. “But this
won’t stop me.”
The government and MILF hope that a new, stable Bangasmoro will attract
investment to a region where brutal poverty and perennial bloodshed has
fuelled recruitment by radical groups.
President Rodrigo Duterte, who also hails from Mindanao, has long backed
the creation of an autonomous region for the island’s Muslims.
– ‘Enemy may be ourselves –
Under the terms of the law which lays out the region’s powers, Bangsamoro
will get $950 million in development funds over the next 10 years, as well as
a chunk of the tax revenue generated within its borders.
The national government will keep control over the police, though the
leadership of the autonomous area will be closely involved in security
matters.
Final results are expected to be released within four days of the voting,
with an approval triggering the demobilisation of a third of MILF’s fighters,
which the group says number 30,000.
A handful of smaller areas, which were not included in Monday’s vote due
to administrative delays, are set to vote on February 6 on whether to join
the Bangsamoro.
Muslim rebels have long been battling for independence or autonomy on
Mindanao, which they regard as their ancestral homeland dating back to when
Arab traders arrived there in the 13th century.
In fact, the new entity would enlarge and replace a similar autonomous
zone in the same part of the southern Philippines, which struggled to
complete development projects and was plagued by violence.
The proposed region includes the city of Marawi, which was seized by
jihadists flying the black IS flag in 2017 and who were only dislodged by a
five-month battle that flattened swathes of the town.
Experts say the expanded devolution of powers to the region is one of the
best opportunities in recent memory to bring down the persistently high
levels of lawlessness in the Philippines’ south.
However, corruption and mismanagement are perennial problems across the
nation of 105 million, and doubts remain over whether resources promised for
development would find their way to Bangasmoro projects.
“This is not the end of our struggle,” MILF leader Murad Ebrahim told
journalists at the group’s sprawling base near Cotabato City, predicting
victory.
“This (transition to governing) is another layer of our struggle which
will be more difficult because maybe our enemy will be ourselves,” he said.
BSS/AFP/FI/ 1525 hrs