KABUL, Oct 18, 2018 (BSS/AFP) – At least 10 election candidates have been
killed, thousands of polling centres closed, and many voters are likely to
stay home due to the threat of militant attacks.
This is democracy, Afghanistan style.
Almost nine million people have registered to vote in the October 20
parliamentary election, which is more than three years late and only the
third since the fall of the Taliban in 2001.
But shambolic preparations, expectations of industrial-scale fraud, and
escalating poll-related violence threaten to derail the election, which the
international community is advising and largely funding.
“We’re trying to make a terrible situation slightly less bad,” a Western
diplomat told AFP, reflecting a sharp drop in expectations for a credible
result, even by Afghan standards.
Alarm is growing as the beleaguered Independent Election Commission (IEC),
which has been skewered for its poor handling of the process, struggles to
distribute voting materials to more than 5,000 polling centres before they
open at 8:00 am on Saturday.
They are supposed to include biometric voter verification devices that
Afghan political leaders and officials only agreed to use a few weeks ago and
have been made mandatory, despite being untested and not required by law.
Votes cast without the controversial machines will not be counted, IEC
spokesman Sayed Hafizullah Hashimi told AFP, even though polling centre
workers have received little or no training in how to use them.
Observers are concerned the results could be thrown into turmoil if the
devices are broken, lost or destroyed.
There also are fears the data could be manipulated before preliminary
results are released on November 10.
“Using technology can help transparency but it can also create confusion
if not used properly,” said Naeem Ayubzada, director of the Transparent
Election Foundation of Afghanistan.
– ‘Psuedo-democracy’ –
More than 2,500 candidates are competing for 249 seats in the lower house,
including doctors, mullahs, the sons of former warlords, and at least one
prisoner.
Campaigning has been marred by bloody violence. At least 10 candidates
have been killed so far, including Abdul Jabar Qahraman who was blown up
Wednesday by a bomb placed under his sofa in the southern province of
Helmand.
The Taliban has warned candidates to withdraw from the ballot, which it
has vowed to attack, and told education workers to stop their schools from
being used as polling centres.
The election is seen as a rehearsal for the presidential vote scheduled
for April and an important milestone ahead of a UN meeting in Geneva in
November where Afghanistan is under pressure to show progress on “democratic
processes”.
Despite speculation the vote could be postponed again, Hashimi said it had
to go ahead on time.
“It is already snowing in some provinces and the weather is getting
colder,” Hashimi told AFP.
“If we delay the elections for a week, it means we won’t have them.”
Observers expect turnout on polling day to be far lower than the 8.9
million registered to vote in the first legislative election since 2010.
More than 2,000 voting centres have already been closed for security
reasons, and the threat of more militant attacks are likely to persuade many
voters to avoid the poll.
Some 54,000 members of Afghanistan’s already overstretched security forces
will be deployed to protect the ballot.
To help boost numbers, Hashimi on Wednesday urged the media to focus on
the elections, not violence.
There are widespread suspicions that a significant number of voter
registrations were based on fake identification documents, which fraudsters
hope to use to stuff ballot boxes.
Registrations in the eastern province of Paktia, for example, were “an
implausible” 141 percent of the estimated eligible population, Afghanistan
Analysts Network (AAN) said in a recent report.
“Most of the people I have been talking to say they won’t go to vote, some
even didn’t bother to register, and many said ‘we would love to vote if we
knew the system would work’,” AAN co-director Thomas Ruttig told AFP.
“It’s not that Afghans are tired of democracy. They’re tired of this kind
of pseudo-democracy.”